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The Entropy Reduction Laboratory

Double-Shell PSE: Metals - Nonmetals

f
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 . 
 89
 Ac
 90
 Th
 91
 Pa
 92
 U 
 93
 Np
 94
 Pu
 95
 Am
 96
 Cm
 97
 Bk
 98
 Cf
 99
 Es
100
 Fm
101
 Md
102
 No
 57
 La
 58
 Ce
 59
 Pr
 60
 Nd
 61
 Pm
 62
 Sm
 63
 Eu
 64
 Gd
 65
 Tb
 66
 Dy
 67
 Ho
 68
 Er
 69
 Tm
 70
 Yb

Legend:
Gold light metals: alcali, alcali earth metals
Yellow Hydrogen, sometimes also a metal
Aquamarine transition metals
Pink posttransition metals
Tomato semimetals-semiconductors
White nonmetals
DeepSkyBlue lanthanides
DodgerBlue actinides
d
 3 
 4 
 5 
 6 
 7 
 8 
 9 
 10
 11
 12
 3B
 4B
 5B
 6B
 7B
 8B
 8B
 8B
 1B
 2B
103
 Lr
104
 Rf
105
 Db
106
 Sg
107
 Bh
108
 Hs
109
 Mt
110
Uun
111
Uuu
112
Uub
 71
 Lu
 72
 Hf
 73
 Ta
 74
 W 
 75
 Re
 76
 Os
 77
 Ir
 78
 Pt
 79
 Au
 80
 Hg
 39
 Y 
 40
 Zr
 41
 Nb
 42
 Mo
 43
 Tc
 44
 Ru
 45
 Rh
 46
 Pd
 47
 Ag
 48
 Cd
 21
 Sc
 22
 Ti
 23
 V 
 24
 Cr
 25
 Mn
 26
 Fe
 27
 Co
 28
 Ni
 29
 Cu
 30
 Zn
p
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 3A
 4A
 5A
 6A
 7A
 8A
113
...
114
...
115
...
116
...
117
...
118
...
 81
 Tl
 82
 Pb
 83
 Bi
 84
 Po
 85
 At
 86
 Rn
 49
 In
 50
 Sn
 51
 Sb
 52
 Te
 53
 I 
 54
 Xe
 31
 Ga
 32
 Ge
 33
 As
 34
 Se
 35
 Br
 36
 Kr
 13
 Al
 14
 Si
 15
 P 
 16
 S 
 17
 Cl
 18
 Ar
 5 
 B 
 6 
 C 
 7 
 N 
 8 
 O 
 9 
 F 
 10
 Ne
s
 1 
 2 
 1A
 2A
119
...
120
...
 87
 Fr
 88
 Ra
 55
 Cs
 56
 Ba
 37
 Rb
 38
 Sr
 19
 K 
 20
 Ca
 11
 Na
 12
 Mg
 3 
 Li
 4 
 Be
 1 
 H 
 2 
 He
 
 
 
 
 
 3
 
 
 
 2
 
 
 
 1
 
 
 
 0
 
The
table
This is the Double-Shell Periodic System of the Elements (PSE), Metals-Nonmetals Vers., highlighting families of elements.

The characteristics of the table are:
  • Columns connected to the various chemical groups are numbered according to the new (1, 2, ... 32) and old (1A, 2A, ... 8B) system of IUPAC.
  • At the right is seen the numbering 0, 1, 2, 3 of the double-shells. These numbers indicate at the same time the maximal angular momentum lmaxoccuring in the respective double-shell.
  • The letters s, p, d, f at the heads of the columns refer to the angular momenta l = 0, 1, 2, 3 of the boxes in the respective columns.
  • As a consequence, the number of the boxes
    • in the double-shell #0 is 1 with lmax = 0
    • in the double-shell #1 is 2 with lmax = 1
    • in the double-shell #2 is 3 with lmax = 2
    • in the double-shell #3 is 4 with lmax = 3
    The total number of boxes up to element 120 is 10.
  • The lower halves of the double-shells are designated by the topical quantum number c = -1/2, the upper halves carry c = +1/2. This topical quantum number is not shown explicitly in the PSE table.
  • The left halves of the boxes are designated by the spin quantum number s = -1/2, the right halves carry s = +1/2. This spin quantum number is not shown explicitly in the PSE table.

    In the Double-Shell Periodic System electronic states are fourfold degenerate.
Build up
principle
The build up (Aufbau) principle for this table is simple:
Starting from the bottom, for each halve of a double shell, electrons start to occupy states of the highest angular momentum l = lmax and then proceed to states of lower angular momentum until l = 0.
Note This PSE table is rather wide, for printing please use "landscape" format.
See also
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Last update of the page: April 20, 2003